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译文:22条不可改变的市场营销法则

译者:golem  时间:2008-01-30

    我喜欢打牌。我经常花费数小时坐在厨房的桌子旁玩皮纳克尔牌,尤克牌或者思贝思牌。

    但是我认为我最喜欢的纸牌游戏还是桥牌,而在各种桥牌中,最吸引我的是一种叫做复式桥牌。这种桥牌的基本法则就是你的得分取决于在打同样的牌时你与其他的组相比表现的有多好。

    为了更清楚地说明,请允许我再重复一遍,在玩复式桥牌的时候,你和你的对手拿到的牌是一样的。运气的作用从一开始就被消除了。

    你的手里有13张牌,也就是有13圈的机会可以赢。没有特别的理由使你兴高采烈如果你仅仅是依靠手里的牌得胜的话。是的,你的牌有这么多的机会,但这不是重点。关键是你是否和玩同样牌的人赢得同样的圈数。如果你赢了九圈而其他人赢了十圈,那么你输了。

    复式桥牌是一个粗鲁的游戏。每一个小的错误都是要付出代价的。我确实喜欢去当地的桥牌俱乐部,但是我通常是拿最后一名。到了晚上,游戏结束时,我回忆每一手牌并且计算出哪一步出了问题。尽管我在这项游戏上表现很糟糕,我仍然乐在其中,因为每一次游戏都是一个学习的经历。

    我经常想如果在同样的规则下进行其他的事业,结果会怎样。资源和内容没有变化,唯一不一样的是管理这些资源的人。

    当我想到软件产品的经营时,这些问题变得特别的有趣。对于一项特定的技术或者编码,如果是由其他人来经营它们结果会怎样呢?

    如果有我来代替Borland管理Delphi软件,我能否做的更好?

    如果是Joel Spolsky 而不是我来经营Vault软件公司,产品会不会有更多的用户?

    如果Sun公司把对Java的管理交给一群猴子的话,是不是会更成功呢?:-)

    哎,很不幸,这个假设不能成立。如果独立软件厂商们也玩过这种桥牌,我们就能学到很多东西了。首先,我们犯的错误就能暴露出来,我们就能知道自己在产品管理上犯的错误是多么的糟糕了。此后,我们就能学到有益的东西。我们应该回顾每一个决定然后精确的计算出我们在何时何地出错了牌,而不是仅仅把每一次错误的市场营销记录下来。

    我们不能和我们的shrinkwrap产品玩复式桥牌,但是我们能了解到市场营销的好的地方。市场营销不是模糊的运气说了算得领域。有一些规则我们必须了解并且遵守。

        Al Ries and Jack Trout 把这些规则称为法则。他们的书,名字叫做22条不可改变的市场营销法则,是我最喜欢的书籍之一。我不禁注意到在六月里恰好有22个工作日。

    在六月份,我计划每个工作日都张贴一个简短的广告。对于每一条法则,我都将总结出一个要点并且将之与软件业结合起来。我写的每一条都不是对这个话题的完整的讨论。感兴趣的读者可以读一读这本书并继续下去。

  • 法则一 领导法则
  • 法则二 分类法则
  • 法则三 意识法则
  • 法则四 视野法则
  • 法则五 焦点法则
  •  法则六 独占法则
  • 法则七 梯子法则
  • 法则八 二元法则
  •  法则九 相对法则
  • 法则十 分割法则
  • 法则十一 视角法则
  • 法则十二 延长线法则
  • 法则十三 牺牲法则
  • 法则十四 贡献法则
  • 法则十五 坦率法则
  • 法则十六 稀有法则
  • 法则十七 不可预测法则
  • 法则十八 胜利法则
  • 法则十九 失败法则

          法则二十 假设法则

  •  法则二十一 加速法则
  • 法则二十二 资源法则

     想把这些打印出来的,可以得到一个PDF格式的文件。

原文:The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing

发现者:michigan  来源:http://www.ericsink.com 发布时间:2008-01-29 类型:转载

I love to play cards. I've spent many hours sitting around a kitchen table playing pinochle, euchre or spades.

But I think my favorite card game is bridge. More specifically, the variant of bridge which fascinates me is called "duplicate". The basic idea of duplicate bridge is that your score is a function of how well you play your cards as compared to how the other teams played the exact same cards.

Just to be clear, let me repeat: In duplicate bridge, you are playing the same cards as your opponents. The luck of the deal is basically eliminated.

You have 13 cards in your hand, so there are 13 "tricks" available to win. If you are dealt excellent cards, there is no particular reason to get excited. Yes, your cards will take lots of tricks, but that's not the point. The issue is whether you take as many tricks as the other people who play those exact same cards. If you take nine tricks but somebody else finds a way to take ten, you lose.

Duplicate bridge is a brutal game. Every small mistake can be very costly. I do like to go to the local bridge club sometimes, but I usually end up in last place. At the end of the evening, I review each hand and figure out what went wrong. Even though I am terribly bad at this game, I still enjoy it because every game is such a learning experience.

I often wonder what other pursuits would be like if they had to operate under the same rules: Resources and context do not change -- the only variable is the ability of the person managing those resources.

These questions become particularly interesting to me when asked in the field of software product management. For a given piece of technology or code, what would happen if somebody else were managing it?

  • If I were managing the Delphi product instead of Borland, could I do a better job?
  • If Joel Spolsky were managing Vault instead of me, would the product have more users?
  • If Sun were to hand the management of Java over to a committee of monkeys, would it be more successful? :-)

    Alas, these hypothetical fantasies are not going to happen. That's unfortunate. If ISVs had to play duplicate, we would all quickly learn a lot. First, the sheer volume of our stupid mistakes would be exposed, and we would quickly learn how very bad we all are at product management. And after that, we would start learning the fine points. Instead of just chalking up every failure to the fault of "bad marketing", we would review each decision and figure out exactly where and when we played the wrong card.

    We can't play duplicate with our shrinkwrap products, but we can learn the fine points of marketing. Marketing is not some vague and fuzzy realm where only luck matters. There are principles which can be learned and applied.

    Al Ries and Jack Trout refer to these principles as "laws". Their book, entitled "The 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing" is one of my favorites. And I couldn't help but notice that there are exactly 22 weekdays in the month of June. So...

    During the month of June, I plan to post a brief blurb each weekday. For each of the 22 laws, I will summarize the main point and draw a connection to the software industry. My entries will not be complete discussions of the topic. Interested readers should read the book and follow along.

    For those who prefer to read this series of postings in printed form, a PDF version is available.

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