译文:男性同性恋者易感染MRSA超级病菌
加州大学旧金山分校的一份研究报告表明，性生活频繁的男性同性恋者感染著名的“超级病菌” 的机率比其他群体高出许多倍，“超级病菌”是所谓MRSA病菌的一种新菌株，对抗生素高度耐药。这项研究所依据的医疗纪录来自旧金山和波士顿的门诊诊所，还有旧金山10个医学中心的9个。该报告发表在《内科医学年鉴》上。
新菌株似乎最容易通过密切的性接触传播，但也可以通过偶尔的肌肤接触和触摸被污染的物体表面传播。科学家担心它可能很快蔓延到一般人。近年来，MRSA细菌一度蔓延到医院以外健康人，引起皮肤和其它部位严重感染，新菌株与MRSA早些菌株密切相关。但是新发现的这种细菌对更多的一线抗生素耐药。两种菌株专称为MRSA USA300。
像对抗生素抗性不强的同类菌属一样，新的多药耐受的菌株容易通过皮肤接触蔓延，侵入皮肤和皮下组织。两种菌株引起脓肿和溃疡能快速进展到致命性感染。
“这些对多药耐受的感染通常发生在男性同性恋者性生活时的皮肤接触处。”Binh Diep博士说，Binh Diep博士是旧金山总医院医学中心的加州大学旧金山分校博士后科学家，也是研究报告的主要作者。“但是，这种新菌株能通过更多偶然的接触传染，我们也非常担心这种细菌有可能蔓延到一般人。”
Diep博士说：“用肥皂和水进行彻底的清洗可能是防止肌肤接触传染最有效的办法，尤其是在性生活后。”
科学家没有说明男性同性恋者感染风险高的原因，但怀疑有感染风险的性行为起了很大作用。
这项研究主要由疾病预防控制中心和辉瑞公司资助 |
| 原文:Gay men vulnerable to infectious MRSA superbug bacteria |
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Sexually active gay men are many times more likely than others to
acquire a new, highly antibiotic-resistant strain of the so-called MRSA
bacteria widely know as the "superbug," a UCSF-led study shows.
The study is based on review of medical records from outpatient clinics
in San Francisco and Boston as well as nine of 10 medical centers
serving San Francisco, and appears in the "Annals of Internal Medicine."
The bacteria appear to be transmitted most easily through intimate
sexual contact, but can spread through casual skin-to-skin contact or
contact with contaminated surfaces. The scientists are concerned that
it could also soon gain ground in the general population.
The new strain of bacteria is closely related to the MRSA bacteria that
have spread beyond hospital borders in recent years and caused
outbreaks of severe skin and other infections. But the newly discovered
microbe is resistant to many more front-line antibiotics. Both strains
are technically known as MRSA USA300.
Like its less antibiotic-resistant sibling, the new multi-drug
resistant microbe spreads easily through skin-to-skin contact, invading
skin and tissue beneath the skin. Both strains cause abscesses and
ulcerations that can progress rapidly to life-threatening infections.
"These multi-drug resistant infections often affect gay men at body
sites in which skin-to-skin contact occurs during sexual activities,"
says Binh Diep, PhD, UCSF postdoctoral scientist at San Francisco
General Hospital Medical Center and lead author of a report on the
finding. "But because the bacteria can be spread by more casual
contact, we are also very concerned about a potential spread of this
strain into the general population."
A good scrubbing with soap and water may be the most effective way to
prevent skin-to-skin contact transmission, especially after sexual
activities, Diep says.
The scientists did not address the cause of the increased risk among
gay men, but suspect that sexual risk behaviors play a significant role.
The study was largely funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a Pfizer grant.
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